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Analyses: Few industrial groups contribute massively to Denmark's balance of payments surplus

For a long period, Denmark has had a surplus on the balance of payments. The manufacturing industry contributes massively to the balance of payments surplus because the sector has extensive net exports of goods. Danish industrial groups have increasingly become globally organised producing goods across borders., Accordingly, there is a close correlation between the manufacturing industry’s investments in foreign subsidiaries and Danish exports and investment income that impacts the balance of payments statistics., As part of the examination of the international organisation of industrial groups and their significance to the Danish economy, this analysis examines investments abroad and the groups’ total contribution to the balance of payments surplus in 2018. To illustrate the presence abroad, we apply a new approach to examine the ultimate destinations for the industrial groups’ investments., Main conclusions:, The contribution by just five large industrial groups to the balance of payments surplus corre­sponds nearly to the entire Danish balance of payments surplus in 2018., The industrial groups’ total contribution to the balance of payments was DKK 297 billion in 2018, which is almost twice the total balance of payments surplus., The surplus is driven by goods exports of which an increasing part never crosses the Danish border, because the goods are produced by subsidiaries abroad., Danish industrial groups have substantial investments in subsidiaries abroad. Complex group structures often lead to investments passing through several countries before they reach their final destinations., A new method for calculating ultimate hosting countries for the investments shows that par­ticularly investments in China and Russia are channelled through other countries., Get as pdf, Few industrial groups contribute massively to Denmark's balance of payments surplus, Colophone, Few industrial groups contribute massively to Denmark's balance of payments surplus, Subject group: Economy, Released: 17 February 2020 08:00, No. 2020:05, ISSN pdf: 2446-0354, Contact:, Mads Møller Liedig, Telephone: +45 40 12 97 72

Analysis

Analyses: Large language models and the Danish labour market

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools such as large language models are spreading rapidly. The most prominent example is ChatGPT, which gathered more than 100 million active users within two months. This type of generative AI has the potential to change the way people work, creating opportunities for innovation and productivity gains. However, the opportunities and challenges will most likely be unequally distributed across the workforce., This analysis explores the unequal economic impact of large language models (LLMs) on the Danish Labour Market. The analysis uses the so-called AI Occupational Exposure (AIOE) scores from a study of the American labour market and merges these scores with administrative data from Statistics Denmark. The AIOE scores reflect the relatedness between AI applications and human abilities connected to different occupations. Thus, the scores express potential economic impact of AI applications across occupations through either labour-augmenting or labour-displacing effects., Main conclusions:, Occupations dominated by cognitive routine tasks have the highest potential to change through large language models. , Legal Professionals, is the occupation with the highest LLM score. The occupation with the lowest score is , Painters, building structure cleaners & related trades worker, ., Economic activities influenced by cognitive abilities have higher LLM scores than activities dominated by physical tasks. The activity with the highest LLM score is , Higher Education, . The activity with the lowest score is , Building completion and finishing, ., Employed females altogether have more potential to apply large language models than employed males. However, within , Human Health & Social Work activities, women have a slightly lower LLM score than males., Employees with high personal yearly income generally have more potential to use and take advantage of large language models than employees with lower income.,  , The analysis is available in Danish here: , Store sprogmodeller og det danske arbejdsmarked,   , Get as pdf, Large language models and the Danish labour market, Colophone, Large language models and the Danish labour market, Subject group: Labour and income, Released: 8 February 2024 08:00, No. 2024:2, ISSN pdf: 2446-0354, Contact:

Analysis

Income inequality

Is income inequality high or low in Denmark? What is the Gini Coefficient? And how is the development in relative poverty?

https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/emner/arbejde-og-indkomst/indkomst-og-loen/indkomstulighed

Subject page

Presidency Program

Presidency Program, Danish Presidency priorities, The Danish Presidency will build on the valuable progress made by previous presidencies. The main priorities will be guided by the 18-month Programme of the Presidency Trio. The Danish Presidency will continue the work of the Polish Presidency, taking into account also recent developments., If not completed, the Danish Presidency will seek to finalize the following legislative dossier:, Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on European commercial real estate indicators (CREI), Additionally, the Danish Presidency is prepared to initiate proceedings on the following dossiers, depending on when they are put forward by the Commission:, Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on European fishery statistics (EFAS), Amendment of Council Regulation (EC) No 2533/98 concerning the collection of statistical information by the European Central Bank, European Statistical Programme (ESP), Other regulations relevant to official European statistics will also be monitored., Program of the Presidency Trio, The Poland, Denmark and Cyprus Presidency Trio will lead the EU Council Working Party on Statistics from 1 January 2025 to 30 June 2026. Poland starts in January 2025, then Denmark takes over from July to December 2025 and Cyprus completes the term from January to June 2026., The Presidency Trio will collaborate closely with the European Statistical System members and with all other partners. Our plans will build on the work of previous Presidencies and aim to advance pending legislative files, including the proposals for the Regulation on fisheries and aquaculture statistics (EFAS) and the Regulation on commercial real estate indicators (CREI). The plan is flexible and will adjust to the situation and progress in specific areas., The Trio's goal is to address diverse user needs and use of new data sources and technologies to ensure high-quality, accurate, relevant and cost-effective European statistics following the European Statistics Code of Practice while being attentive to minimizing response burden., The Trio partners also intend to contribute to coherent implementation of the revised 223/2009 regulation on European statistics, which provides for the extension of provisions on statistical data sources being, at the same time, a ground for more efficient statistical production., In addition, the Presidency Trio will strive to follow developments in negotiations of non-statistical files with elements related to statistics — with the aim to inform the statistical community and facilitate the elaboration of an adequate position, if necessary.,  

https://www.dst.dk/en/Sites/eu2025/Program

Documentation of statistics: Environmental accounts for Denmark (Discontinued)

Contact info, National Accounts, Climate and Environment , Ingeborg Vind , +45 24 83 51 49 , INV@dst.dk , Get documentation of statistics as pdf, Environmental accounts for Denmark (discontinued) 2013 , Previous versions, Environmental accounts for Denmark (discontinued) 2012, These statistics are no longer compiled under the name Environmental Accounts for Denmark. Now specific documentations of statistics can be found under the subject page Environmental-Economic Accounts., Statistical presentation, The environmental accounts contain information on a) Material flows in the form of the the weight of Danish resource extraction, import and exports, b) Air emissions of different substances (CO2, N2O, CH4, PFC, HFC, SF6, NOx, NMVOC, CO, PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NH3), c) Public expenditure and revenue on the environment as well as d) Environmental related taxes etc., The definitions used in the environmental accounts ensures that the information immediately can be used for analyses of the interaction between the economic activities and e.g. air emissions of some of the above-mentioned substances., Read more about statistical presentation, Statistical processing, Emission accounts are compiled taking energy accounts as a starting point for the emissions caused by the use of energy. Emissions caused by other factors than energy use are added subsequently and distributed among the relevant industries. , Tax revenues are broken down by industries on the basis of detailed information from National Accounts., Material Flow Accounts are compiled on the basis of internal and external sources on resource extraction., Read more about statistical processing, Relevance, Environmental Accounts are relevant for those interested in the correlation between the economy on the one side and environment and natural resources on the other side. Ministries and consultant firms are among the main users of environmental accounts. Accounts are included in the overall European environmental accounts, collected and compiled by Eurostat., Read more about relevance, Accuracy and reliability, Figures on statistical uncertainty have not been estimated., Read more about accuracy and reliability, Timeliness and punctuality, Data is normally published without delays., Read more about timeliness and punctuality, Comparability, The industry classification in the tables is the same as the one used in the national accounts. The tables can therefore be compared to other statistics based on the industry classification. Accounts are compiled in form of time series. For example accounts for air emissions are available for each year from 1990 until the last year that is published. Accounts are consistent and fully comparable within these years. On the more aggregated level (NACE 64), the Danish accounts are comparable with accounts of other EU countries compiled according to the Regulation no. 691/2011 on European environmental economic accounts., Read more about comparability, Accessibility and clarity, Environmental-economic accounts, Read more about accessibility and clarity

https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/dokumentation/documentationofstatistics/environmental-accounts-for-denmark--discontinued-

Documentation of statistics

Documentation of statistics: Public libraries (Discontinued)

Contact info, Science, Technology and Culture , Get documentation of statistics as pdf, Public Libraries 2018 , Previous versions, Public Libraries 2016, Public Libraries 2015, Public Libraries 2014, The purpose of the statistics is to disseminate the activity in the area of public libraries in Denmark. The statistics are produced by Statistics Denmark on behalf of the Ministry of Culture. From 2000 and up to and including 2009 the statistics was produced by the Ministry of Culture. . The main information is stock, growth, lending, renewal of loans and interlibrary loans., Statistical presentation, The purpose of the statistics is to disseminate the activity in the area of public libraries in Denmark. The statistics are produced by Statistics Denmark on behalf of the Ministry of Culture. Up to and including 2009 the statistics was produced by the Ministry of Culture., Read more about statistical presentation, Statistical processing, Statistics Denmark process the collected data, them validate and publish them in Statbank a half years after the reference year., Read more about statistical processing, Relevance, The statistics are available for all who are interested in the library business such as politicians, media, students and NGOs. There has been no study of user satisfaction in this statistic. There is regular contact with the Danish Culture authority on the quality and relevance of the statistics. , Read more about relevance, Accuracy and reliability, The statistic includes all public libraries in Denmark. Uncertainty caused by incorrectly reported figures are sought minimized thorough massive inspection of the reported figures., For the reference years 2016 and 2017 will numbers of loans, stock, growth, interlibrary loans and active loaners not be published. This is due to problems caused by the change in administrative IT-systems for the libraries in these years. , Read more about accuracy and reliability, Timeliness and punctuality, Data is collected by Statistics Denmark in the first half of the year immediately following the survey year. Publishing occurs in early July. The total production time is six months. The statistics are published according to the schedule without delay. Due to problems with datacollection is the statistic for reference years 2016 and 2017 delayed. , Read more about timeliness and punctuality, Comparability, Use of standards within the library in Denmark reflects both concrete Danish needs but also the organization of the international standard work. Statistics on public libraries are thus comparable with international statistics to the extent they are based on the same international standards., Read more about comparability, Accessibility and clarity, Publishing is in the following channels:, News from Statistics Denmark http://www.Statbank.dk, Read more about accessibility and clarity

https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/dokumentation/documentationofstatistics/public-libraries--discontinued-

Documentation of statistics

Ghana 2019-2023

 , Statistics Denmark is implementing the first phase of a Strategic Sector Program financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Ghana. Our partner is the Ghana Statistical Service (GSS) which is the main producer of official Statistics in Ghana., The overall objective of the Strategic Sector Program in Ghana is to lay the foundation for a statistical system that needs fewer surveys, while at the same time having more and higher quality data. To reach this objective the cooperation supports Ghana in:, strengthening the foundation of evidence-based decision making at all levels in Ghana by reinforcing the quality, dissemination and communication of relevantstatistics to users in Ghana andinternational organisations working with Ghana,, boosting the modernisation of the nationalstatistical system in Ghanaby strengthening data and quality management and new data sources in the entire statistical production process, , improving the monitoring and reporting of the UN Sustainable Development Goals in Ghana., The project is structured around seven outcomes and associated outputs:, A. Use of Administrative Data Sources for Statistical Production Increased, Output A1: Analysis of demographic data available in GSS, BDR and NIA, Output A2: Ghana Immigration Service data transferred in second pilot, Value and use of administrative data demonstrated to decision-makers and media, B. Improved IT with focus on data storage and dissemination (databases and databank)., Output B1: IT system setup for pilot data transfer and storage defined, Output B2: Statistical Databank developed and launched, C. Quality and methodology in statistical production are imptoved and harmonised throughout institution., Output C1: Structure and processes for quality principles are formalised and standardized, Output C2: Change towards increased unified methodology mapped and roadmap finalised, D. Accuracy and Coverage of Economic Statistics improved., Output D1: , Consumer Price Index transformed from 10 to 16 r, egions and updated, Output D2: Unit Value Index updated and improved , Output D3: National Accounts Database System introduced, Output D4: Input/Output tables methodology introduced, Output D5: Environmental Accounts/Green GDP methodology introduced, E. Staff trained in general statistical competences, Output E1: , Staff trained in R or Python software, Output E2: Staff trained in Generic Statistical Business Process Model (GSBPM), Output E3: Staff trained in Sampling Technique,  , Watch the video about the Strategic Sector Cooperation in Ghana between Statistics Denmark and Ghana Statistical Service

https://www.dst.dk/en/consulting/projects/ghana-morocco-and-vietnam-2019-2024/ghana-2019-2023

Documentation of statistics: Purchase of commodities and services in the construction industry (Discontinued)

Contact info, Short Term Statistics , Get documentation of statistics as pdf, Purchase of Commodities and Services in the Construction Industry 2018 , Previous versions, Purchase of Commodities and Services in the Construction Industry 2017, Purchase of Commodities and Services in the Construction Industry 2016, Purchase of Commodities and Services in the Construction Industry 2015, Purchase of Commodities and Services in the Construction Industry 2014, Purchase of Commodities and Services in the Construction Industry 2012, The purpose of the statistics is to give detailed information about services and materials used in the Danish constructional production. It is used, among other things for the national accounts. The statistics has been made since 2006. In its present form figures are comparable from 2012 and onwards., Statistical presentation, The purpose of the statistics is to give detailed information about services and materials used in the Danish constructional production. The purchase of services are divided into 10 types of services and reported for 5 construction industries. The purchase of materials are divided into 44 material groups and reported for 5 construction industries. The statistic is based on a survey among construction companies., Read more about statistical presentation, Statistical processing, The reported data is scaled to the total population of companies with main activity in construction. The scaling compensate for bias in the sampling and reporting. No numbers are imputed. The reported numbers are controlled for errors. , Read more about statistical processing, Relevance, The statistic is used mainly by the national account for information on the linkages between construction and other sectors., Read more about relevance, Accuracy and reliability, It is estimated that the statistic has a reasonable quality at an aggregated level. At material-group level it is estimated that the quality is low. No quantitative measures of the total uncertainty of the statistic have been done. For the totals in purchase of materials and services the sample uncertainty is approximately 5 pct.. The statistic has a number of measuring errors. These are estimated as being a greater source of uncertainty than the sample uncertainty. the statistic is reliable in the sense that published numbers are rarely revised., Read more about accuracy and reliability, Timeliness and punctuality, The statistic is published yearly, ultimo April., Read more about timeliness and punctuality, Comparability, In the archive one can find statistics for the years 2006-2011 in the tables BYGT, BYGTX, BYGR and BYGRX. These statistics are not comparable to the new time series, since they are not scaled to the population. It is not possible to compare the data in the survey with other business surveys., Read more about comparability, Accessibility and clarity, These statistics are published in the Statbank under , Purchase of commodities and services in construction, . For more information go to the , subject page, ., Read more about accessibility and clarity

https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/dokumentation/documentationofstatistics/purchase-of-commodities-and-services-in-the-construction-industry--discontinued-

Documentation of statistics

Documentation of statistics: Felling of Wood in the Danish Forests

Contact info, Food Industries , Karsten Kjeld Larsen , +45 21 29 55 76 , KKL@dst.dk , Get documentation of statistics as pdf, Felling of Wood in the Danish Forests 2023 , Previous versions, Felling of Wood in the Danish Forests 2022, Felling of Wood in the Danish Forests 2021, Felling of Wood in the Danish Forests 2020, Felling of Wood in the Danish Forests 2019, Felling of Wood in the Danish Forests 2018, Felling of Wood in the Danish Forests 2017, Felling of Wood in the Danish Forests 2016, These statistics cover the production of wood in Danish forests and plantations. The figures are used for the calculation of the gross value added for forestry. Statistics on felling of wood in Danish forests and plantations can be traced back to 1950., Statistical presentation, The statistics are a yearly enumeration of number of forestry farms by size of area, tree felling and size of the forestry area. The tree felling is divided into tree for energy, firewood and different kinds of timber. Timber can for instance be used for production of paper and furniture. The figures are distributed geographically by regions and provinces., Read more about statistical presentation, Statistical processing, The base of the statistics is a sample survey with questionnaires. The sample is representative for regions and size groups.., The questionnaires are completed online. Before publication the answers are validated where each single questionnaire is subject to a control for reliability. , Read more about statistical processing, Relevance, There is no survey on user satisfaction but the main impression is a high degree of satisfaction, however many users would like to have figures for area with forestry by municipalities. , Read more about relevance, Accuracy and reliability, Due to a small sample of only 10 percent of the forests the sample error is higher than for similar agricultural surveys, also because a relatively big part of the felling is among small forests with a low coverage in the sample., The sample error of felling of trees s about 2 per cent., Read more about accuracy and reliability, Timeliness and punctuality, The statistics are published in November the year after the reference year. The figures for 2023 however were first published December 13 2024., Read more about timeliness and punctuality, Comparability, The survey has always had the same standard and the same target population. Prior to the 2012 survey Statistics Denmark conducted a project aiming at improving the register of forestry farms. At the same time the extrapolation was for the first time made dependent on the total area with forestry. It means that the total felling in 2012 estimated to 3.1 million m3 should be seen as reliable whereas the results recent years before 2012 most likely are underestimated by about 500.000 m3., Read more about comparability, Accessibility and clarity, These statistics are published yearly in a Danish press release and in the StatBank under , Forestry, ., Read more about accessibility and clarity

https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/dokumentation/documentationofstatistics/felling-of-wood-in-the-danish-forests

Documentation of statistics

Documentation of statistics: Government Finance , Quarterly Accounts (Discontinued)

Contact info, Government Finances , Ida Balle Rohde , +45 61 24 24 85 , ILR@dst.dk , Get documentation of statistics as pdf, Government Finance , Quarterly Accounts 2023 , Previous versions, Government Finance , Quarterly Accounts 2022, Government Finance , Quarterly Accounts 2021, Government Finance , Quarterly Accounts 2020, Government Finance , Quarterly Accounts 2019, The purpose of Quarterly General Government finances is to give a overview over expenditure and revenue in the general government sector. The statistics is used to analyze the public economy. Data are available and comparable from the first quarter 1999 and onward. The statistics is published within three months of the end of the quarter., Statistical presentation, The statistics show the quarterly expenditure and revenue in the sector of general government. The statistics include more data on taxes, income transfers to households and public consumption. The statistics are published within three months of the end of the quarter to which the data concerns. All numbers are in current prices., Read more about statistical presentation, Statistical processing, The main source for the statistics is the accounts of the state, municipalities and regions. The numbers are supplemented by other sources. Estimates are included for the supplement period. For numbers that are not accrued appropriately to the quarters, a calculation is made based on the numbers for the previous quarters, which are distributed among the quarters. There is conducted error detection and validation of the numbers. Table OFF10K and OFF12K are adjusted for seasonal effects., Read more about statistical processing, Relevance, The statistics covers the sector of government finances. The statistic has a lot of interested parties including ministries, politicians, the press and Eurostat., Read more about relevance, Accuracy and reliability, There is no estimation on the uncertainty. Error accounting records are much more frequent in the quarterly accounting reports than in annual accounting reports. The quarterly accounting reports for the central government, regions and municipalities are not represented a final accounting for the quarter. They rather represent a snapshot of the expenditure and revenue recorded at the end of the quarter., Read more about accuracy and reliability, Timeliness and punctuality, The statistics are usually published without delay in relation to the scheduled date which is three months after the end of the quarter. , Read more about timeliness and punctuality, Comparability, There is complete comparability with government finance statistics in other countries complying with international standards, i.e. ESA 2010 and SNA 2008. There is comparability over time, but the numbers are calculated at current prices., Read more about comparability, Accessibility and clarity, The statistics are published in , Nyt fra Danmarks Statistik, (News from Statistics Denmark)., Information is also available from Statbank Denmark at , Statistikbanken, in the tables , OFF3K, , , OFF26K, , , OFF10K, og , OFF12K, ., Read more about accessibility and clarity

https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/dokumentation/documentationofstatistics/government-finance---quarterly-accounts--discontinued-

Documentation of statistics