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Analyses: The global organisation of industrial groups has an impact on the measurement of Danish production and income

The way in which Danish enterprises choose to organise their production and sales in the global economy impacts whether it is reflected as domestic production and value added (GDP) or only as income (GNI) in the national accounts. When Danish enterprises sell products abroad, the activities are included in Danish GDP, whereas income based on sales via subsidiaries abroad is only included in GNI. In this way, the choice of sales channel impacts the statistics on Danish production and income., This analysis describes the global set-up of Danish industrial groups and their impact on the Danish economy. Focus is on the close correlation between Danish exports and in-come from subsidiaries abroad. The analysis is an extension of a Statistics Denmark analysis from 2016 dealing with goods exports outside Denmark by Danish manufactu¬ring enterprises. Income data from the central bank of Denmark, Nationalbanken, has allowed us to further document the importance of the industrial groups to the Danish economy., Main conclusions:, The industrial groups are important to the Danish economy; they export goods and services produced in Denmark or abroad and receive income from subsidiaries abroad. , In 2016, Danish industrial groups’ sale abroad of goods not crossing the Danish border accounted for almost a third of their total sale of goods abroad of DKK 524 billion., The income from subsidiaries of DKK 42.1 billion accounts for approximately one third of total earnings from Danish industrial groups’ manufacturing activities abroad. These ear-nings could have been counted as exports had the group chosen a different role for the production taking place in subsidiaries abroad., In 2016, the industrial groups’ activities abroad accounted for approximately 6 per cent of the Danish gross national income (GNI) and approximately 4 per cent of the gross domestic product (GDP).,  , This is a translation of an analysis previously published in Danish 1 October 2018. See the analysis , here., Get as pdf, The global organisation of industrial groups has an impact on the measurement of Danish production and income, Colophone, The global organisation of industrial groups has an impact on the measurement of Danish production and income, Subject group: Economy, Released: 27 May 2019 08:00, No. 2019:7, ISSN pdf: 2446-0354, Contact:, Mads Møller Liedig, Telephone: +45 40 12 97 72

Analysis

Analyses: Large language models and the Danish labour market

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools such as large language models are spreading rapidly. The most prominent example is ChatGPT, which gathered more than 100 million active users within two months. This type of generative AI has the potential to change the way people work, creating opportunities for innovation and productivity gains. However, the opportunities and challenges will most likely be unequally distributed across the workforce., This analysis explores the unequal economic impact of large language models (LLMs) on the Danish Labour Market. The analysis uses the so-called AI Occupational Exposure (AIOE) scores from a study of the American labour market and merges these scores with administrative data from Statistics Denmark. The AIOE scores reflect the relatedness between AI applications and human abilities connected to different occupations. Thus, the scores express potential economic impact of AI applications across occupations through either labour-augmenting or labour-displacing effects., Main conclusions:, Occupations dominated by cognitive routine tasks have the highest potential to change through large language models. , Legal Professionals, is the occupation with the highest LLM score. The occupation with the lowest score is , Painters, building structure cleaners & related trades worker, ., Economic activities influenced by cognitive abilities have higher LLM scores than activities dominated by physical tasks. The activity with the highest LLM score is , Higher Education, . The activity with the lowest score is , Building completion and finishing, ., Employed females altogether have more potential to apply large language models than employed males. However, within , Human Health & Social Work activities, women have a slightly lower LLM score than males., Employees with high personal yearly income generally have more potential to use and take advantage of large language models than employees with lower income.,  , The analysis is available in Danish here: , Store sprogmodeller og det danske arbejdsmarked,   , Get as pdf, Large language models and the Danish labour market, Colophone, Large language models and the Danish labour market, Subject group: Labour and income, Released: 8 February 2024 08:00, No. 2024:2, ISSN pdf: 2446-0354, Contact:

Analysis

Analyses: How big are Danish exports and who are our main trading partners?

In recent decades it has become more common to produce goods across national borders. Increasing globalisation challenges our understanding of what a country's exports encompass and what different statistical measures of exports show., Previously, different export statistics provided a fairly similar picture of Denmark’s exports and trading partners. However, an increasing proportion of Danish exported goods never crosses Danish borders, and that has resulted in increasing differences across the various export statistics. This analysis describes Danish exports and trading partners, based on the different export statistics., Main conclusions:, Danish exports in goods are largest when measured in Denmark’s balance of payments, where the sale of goods that have never crossed Danish borders are included as exports. Today, around a sixth of the total Danish export of goods takes place outside of Danish borders., Only goods which have crossed the Danish border are classified as exports in the international trade in goods statistics which implies that the export of goods appears lower here than in the balance of payments., Exports appear lowest when measured by Danish value added, as these calculations discount the value of the imports included in the production of the exported goods and services. Estimates from an Input-Output model in Statistics Denmark suggest that imported contents in exported goods and services constitute nearly half of the total value. , Regardless of the type of export statistics, Germany is Denmark’s most important export market., On the basis of goods which cross the Danish border, the US is Denmark’s sixth largest export market. When goods sold outside Denmark’s border are taken into account, the US is Denmark’s third largest export market., Looking at the final markets for the part of exports resulting from production in Denmark the US is the second largest export market as measured by Danish value added according to estimates in an OECD international Input-Output model., Get as pdf, How big are Danish exports and who are our main trading partners?, Colophone, How big are Danish exports and who are our main trading partners?, Subject group: Economy, Released: 5 March 2018 08:00, No. 2018:4, ISSN pdf: 2446-0354, Contact:, Mads Møller Liedig, Telephone: +45 40 12 97 72

Analysis

Analyses: Who uses weight loss medicines in Denmark?

In 2023, 117,500 adults redeemed a prescription for a weight loss medicine. This corresponds to 2.4 per cent of the adult population. Weight loss medicines are mainly targeted at people with a BMI of at least 30, but what else characterises the users?, This analysis takes a closer look at the users of weight loss medicines, with a special focus on users in the first half of 2023. In the analysis, data on redeemed prescriptions is combined with information from Statistics Denmark’s registers. This allows, among other things, to examine the users’ sex, age, income, and municipality of residence.,  , Main conclusions:, The number and proportion of adults who have redeemed at least one prescription for weight loss medicines has increased significantly from 15,200 (0.3 per cent) in 2021 to 27,800 (0.6 per cent) in 2022 and 117,500 (2.4 per cent) in 2023. However, the number is still lower than 25 years ago when 131,100 adults (3.1 per cent) used weight loss medicines., The proportion of users of weight loss medicines is higher for women in all years. In the first half of 2023, 72 per cent of the users were women and 28 per cent were men., The proportion of users was highest in the age group of 50-59-year-olds (3.2 per cent) and lowest in the age group of 80-year-olds and older (0.1 per cent)., The proportion of users of weight loss medicines increases with income. In the first half of 2023, 1.6 per cent of the people in the lowest income quintile used weight loss med-icines, while it was about 3.4 per cent of the people in the highest income quintile - when using the equivalised disposable family income among the 30-59-year-olds., There is a difference in the proportion of users of weight loss medicines across municipalities. The highest proportion of users was in Tårnby (2.9 per cent), while the lowest proportion was in Læsø (0.8 per cent)., Gentofte municipality had the highest proportion of users of weight loss medicines in the first part of 2023 when the proportion is related to people with self-reported obesity in 2021. In Gentofte, there were 24.5 users of weight loss medicines per 100 people liv-ing with obesity, while in Læsø, there were 2.9 users per 100 people living with obesity.,  , The analysis is available in Danish here: , Hvem bruger slankelægemidler?, Get as pdf, Who uses weight loss medicines in Denmark?, Colophone, Who uses weight loss medicines in Denmark?, Subject group: People, Released: 6 May 2024 08:00, No. 2024:3, ISSN pdf: 2446-0354, Contact:, Emilie Rune Hegelund, Telephone: +45 20 56 47 11

Analysis

Publication: International Sourcing - Moving Business Functions Abroad

Publikationen tegner et billede af outsourcing i Danmark, Sverige, Norge, Finland og Holland fra 2001 til 2006., Hvad er outsourcing?, Outsourcing er hel eller delvis udflytning af forretningsaktiviteter (kerne- eller hjælpefunktioner), der i udgangspunktet udføres internt i virksomheden. , Outsourcing kan foregå til selskaber inden for samme koncern eller til andre (eksterne) virksomheder, der kan være lokaliseret i Danmark eller i udlandet., Hver femte danske virksomhed outsourcer til udlandet, Det fremgår af publikationen, at Danmark er i front med outsourcing til udlandet. , 19 pct. af de danske virksomheder med 50 ansatte eller derover har outsourcet til udlandet i perioden 2001-2006. Det tilsvarende tal for finske virksomheder er 16 pct., norske 14 pct., hollandske 14 pct. og svenske virksomheder 4 pct., Publikationen kommer ind på bl.a.:, motiverende faktorer for sourcing, barrierer for sourcing, destinationer for outsourcing, tab af job, kernefunktioner (produktion mv.), støttefunktioner (it, forskning og udvikling mv.), forventninger til fremtidig international sourcing., Læs konklusioner fra publikationen i , Nyt fra Danmarks Statistik, ., International undersøgelse, Den danske del af undersøgelsen er baseret på en spørgeskemaundersøgelse blandt virksomheder, der repræsenterer næsten 60 pct. af den samlede beskæftigelse i de private byerhverv., Undersøgelsen indgår i et større projekt i Økonomi- og Erhvervsministeriet om danske virksomheders outsourcing. , Undersøgelsen er samtidig en del af en fælles europæisk undersøgelse, der er medfinansieret af Eurostat og gennemført af 14 nationale statistikkontorer., Danmarks Statistik har koordineret dels selve EU-undersøgelsen og dels den fælles publikation med de statistiske kontorer i Finland, Holland, Norge og Sverige., Få flere oplysninger om undersøgelsen på , www.dst.dk/globalisering, ., Get as pdf, Hele publikationen, Colophone, International Sourcing - Moving Business Functions Abroad, Business, ISBN: 978-87-501-1695-0, Released: 10 June 2008 09:30, No of pages: 89, Contact info:, Peter Bøegh, Phone: +45 41 10 31 41

Publication

Publication: Danish GDP and GNI, Sources and methods 2012

The publication describes in detail the sources and methods used for the compilation of gross domestic product, GDP, and gross national income, GNI. It replaces the previous documentation “Danish National Accounts – Sources and Methods 2003” from 2007. With the new documentation the description of sources and methods is brought up to date and reflects the current compilation methods, international guidelines (ESA2010) and classifications. The publication follows a common structure used by all EU member states and is available in English only., The documentation uses 2012 as a reference year, but the descriptions relate to the sources and methods generally used in the compilation of final GDP., Final GDP is compiled at the most detailed level using all available relevant sources for describing the economic activity within the national accounts framework. Examples are account statistics for private enterprises, government finance statistics, household budget survey and foreign trade statistics. In order to fit all this information into one figure – GDP – an extensive amount of adjustment must be made. Also, confronting data at the detailed level reveals inconsistencies in the sources that must be overcome. In the Danish national accounts this confrontation of data takes place in the Supply-use tables which contains 2 350 products and 117 industries., As a supplement to the description in the publication, the process from primary statistics to final GDP is also presented in a schematic form – the so-called , process tables, ., Get as pdf, Danish GDP and GNI, Sources and methods - 2012, Title, colophone, preface and content, Chapt. 1 Overview of the system of assounts, Chapt. 2 The revisions policy and the timetable for revising and finalizing the estimates, Chapt. 3 The production approach, Chapt. 4 The Income Approach, Chapt. 5 The expenditure approach, Chapt. 6 The balancing or integration procedure and validating the estimates, Chapt. 7 Overview of the allowance for exhaustiveness, Chapt. 8 The transition from GDP to GNI, Chapt. 9 Main classifications used, Chapt. 10 Main data sources used, Annex, Colophone, Danish GDP and GNI, Sources and methods, Economy, ISBN pdf: 987-87-501-2229-6, Released: 15 August 2016 09:00, No of pages: 287, Contact info:, Annette Thomsen, Phone: +45 22 16 62 51

Publication

Publication: ICT usage in households and by individuals - EU benchmark 2016

This publication describes Europeans’ use of ICT in a broad perspective based on responses from a representative sample of citizens in Denmark and other EU Member States in 2016. Data was collected using a harmonised questionnaire that enables comparisons across countries., The survey describes the use of internet in general, including access to internet, use of e-commerce, social media, use of internet banking as well as online self-service. Various questions on ICT security and protection of personal infor­mation are dealt with in the last section of the publication., The statistics confirm the conclusion reached in other studies; Denmark is still among the EU front-runners in terms of ICT usage by citizens. This applies to e.g. online self-service, online shopping, use of internet banking and social net­working services., Highlights from this year’s survey:, Danes often , shop , on the , internet , At 83 per cent, the United Kingdom has the largest percentage of people who shop online, closely followed by Denmark in second place at 82 per cent. Online shopping in the EU is generally more common among men. The situation in Denmark is opposite. Danish women have overtaken men in shopping online., Danes best in the EU, at online self-service, Denmark leads the EU with regard to online self-service. A total of 88 per cent of Danes have visited public-authority websites, against the European average of 48 per cent for EU citizens. The percentage of Danes who submit completed forms to public authorities has doubled since 2008., 53m Europeans have never been online, 14 per cent of Europeans aged 16-74 are not online. This corresponds to around 53 million people.71 per cent of EU citizens are on the internet daily. The figure is 89 per cent in Denmark. Denmark is one of the countries with the lowest share of people who are never on the internet (2 per cent)., This publication is based on information in the survey of ICT usage in households and by individuals 2016. The survey is based on a common EU questionnaire (ICT usage by individuals and in households 2016)., Get as pdf, ICT usage in households and by individuals - EU benchmark report 2016, Colophone, ICT usage in households and by individuals - EU benchmark , Culture and leisure, ISBN pdf: 978-87-501-2258-6, Released: 1 June 2017 09:00, No of pages: 43, Contact info:, Agnes Tassy, Phone: +45 24 81 48 78

Publication

Publication: Agriculture and Danish farm returns through 100 years 1916-2015

Since the first farm returns were reported for statistical purposes for the , financial year 1916-17, , Danish agriculture has lived through quite a few things., In the first year of the statistics, World War I implied that the countries at war experienced increased demand for e.g. food. As a result, Denmark, which did not participate in the war, was able to sell agricultural products at high prices. By contrast, it was difficult to export in the years of recession in the 1930s and it was necessary to implement emergency farm aid, e.g. in order to reduce high levels of debt.,      2. World War II boosted the technological development and, in the post-war years, horses were ,      increasingly replaced by engine power., When Denmark became a member of the EEC in 1973, new demands were made on the agricultural accounts in the statistics, which were to conform to the same method as that of the other member countries. With the book , Agriculture and Danish farm returns through 100 years,, Statistics Denmark gives the reader an insight into Danish agriculture and its development, in particular in the 20th century., The publication includes e.g.:, Mechanisation and specialisation of the agricultural sector, which has experienced soaring productivity., Accounting figures for 100 years, which show e.g. the development in gross output, operating costs, economic indicators, capital and debts., The preparation of the statistics has undergone method changes, increased the level of detail and, as a result, it has become more applicable in research., Moreover, the table, JORD100, has been added to Statbank.dk to mark the centennial year for the agricultural accounts., Here you can extract accounting figures for agriculture back to 1916 and up to 2015, , which is the last stated year with accounts statistics for agriculture, (only in Danish).,  , Get as pdf, Agriculture and Danish farm returns through 100 years, Colophone, Agriculture and Danish farm returns through 100 years, Business, ISBN pdf: 978-87-501-2279-1, Released: 28 September 2017 09:00, No of pages: 59, Contact info:, Henrik Bolding Pedersen, Phone: +45 20 57 88 87

Publication

STRFUDD2: Persons guilty in crimes aged 15-79 years

type of offence, education and time
2015-2023 (Number)

https://www.statbank.dk/STRFUDD2

Tables in StatBank

Documentation of statistics: Climate footprint (experimental statistics)

Contact info, National Accounts, Climate and Environment , Peter Rørmose Jensen , +45 40 13 51 26 , PRJ@dst.dk , Get documentation of statistics as pdf, Climate footprint (experimental statistics) 2021 , Previous versions, The purpose of the statistics is to measure the global emission of greenhouse gases from the supply chains for Danish final use (Danish consumption, investment and export). It illustrates correlations between Danish final use and emissions of greenhouse gases from Danish and international production. Global emission of greenhouse gases from Danish consumption and investment constitutes Denmark's Climate Footprint. The statistic is experimental and have been prepared since 2021 in collaboration with the Danish Energy Agency, which uses it for the annual publication "Danmarks Globale Klimapåvirkning – Global Afrapportering"., Statistical presentation, The statistics show the amount of greenhouse gas that has been emitted in the supply chains for Danish final use annually from 1990 onwards. The emissions are distributed by type of final use, emitting industries and countries, as well as by supplying industries., Read more about statistical presentation, Statistical processing, The climate footprint is calculated with a multi-regional environmental economic input-output (MRIO) model that links data from Statistics Denmark on Danish production and greenhouse gas emissions with data from the international database EXIOBASE on international production and greenhouse gas emissions., Read more about statistical processing, Relevance, The climate footprint is relevant for everyone who is interested in relations between Danish consumption and investment and global emissions of greenhouse gases. The climate footprint is prepared in collaboration with the Danish Energy Agency's Center for System Analysis, which uses it in their annual report "Danmarks Globale Klimapåvirkning – Global Afrapportering"., Read more about relevance, Accuracy and reliability, The overall precision of the statistics is not as high as other statistics from Statistics Denmark, which are based on directly observable data. The majority of the figures in this statistic are the result of calculations with Danish and international input-output models. The international input-output model in particular is uncertain because it is a compilation of figures from many countries of uneven quality. However, it is assessed that the precision is as good as it can be at the present time, when available sources and methods are taken into account., Read more about accuracy and reliability, Timeliness and punctuality, The climate footprint is an experimental statistic and does not yet have a fixed publication time. When a publication date is determined, it is published in Statistics Denmark's publication calendar., Read more about timeliness and punctuality, Comparability, The statistics are compiled for 1990 and onwards and are comparable over time. The statistics have been produced in collaboration with the Danish Energy Agency and are used for the Danish Energy Agency's report "Danmarks Globale Klimapåvirkning – Global Afrapportering". there will therefore be full agreement between results published by the Danish Energy Agency and Statistics Denmark., As there is not yet full international agreement on methods and data bases for calculating climate footprints, there will not necessarily be full comparability with the calculations of other institutions or other countries., Read more about comparability, Accessibility and clarity, In the Statbank, the climate footprint is published under the subject , Energy and emissions, in the tables AFTRYK1 and AFTRYK2., Read more about accessibility and clarity

https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/dokumentation/documentationofstatistics/climate-footprint--experimental-statistics-

Documentation of statistics