Methodology
- System of Environmental-Economic Accounting 2012 – Central Framework
- System of Environmental-Economic Accounting 2012 – Applications and Extensions
- System of Environmental-Economic Accounting 2021 – Ecosystem Accounting
- European Strategy for Environmental Accounts 2024 - 2028
- Mid-term review of the European Strategy for Environmental Accounts 2019-2023
Catalogue of pilot study reports
Eurostat offers grants to carry out methodological work and data collection beyond the scope of the EU regulation 691/2011 on environmental accounts. The results of these grants are available in the catalogue of pilot study reports.
- Ecosystem extent accounts_questionnaire_2023
- Guidance note on ecosystem extent accounts_2023
- Accounting for ecosystems and their services in the European Union (INCA) – 2021 edition (final report from phase II of the INCA project)
Methodological handbooks
- System of Environmental-Economic Accounting – Ecosystem Acc ounting, 2021
- System of Environmental-Economic Accounting – Experimental Ecosystem Accounting, 2012
- Technical recommendations in support of the SEEA EEA, 2019
Technical reports
- Pilot aggregated EU ecosystem services accounts, and appendices
- JRC Technical report - Implementing an EU system of accounting for ecosystems and their services
- JRC Technical Report: Ecosystem services accounting – Part I. Outdoor recreation and crop pollination
- JRC Technical Report: Ecosystem services accounting – Part II. Pilot accounts for crop and timber provision, global climate regulation and flood control
- JRC Technical report: Ecosystem services accounting – Part III. Pilot accounts for habitat and species maintenance, on-site soil retention and water purification
- EEA Report: Natural capital accounting in support of policymaking in Europe – A review based on EEA ecosystem accounting work
- MAES Technical Report: An analytical framework for mapping and assessment of ecosystem condition in the EU
- Linking accounts for ecosystem services and benefits to the economy through bridging (LISBETH)
Scientific articles
- JRC (et al.): Sustainability assessment and causality nexus through ecosystem service accounting: The case of water purification in Europe
- JRC (et al.): Physical and monetary ecosystem service accounts for Europe: A case study for in-stream nitrogen retention
- JRC (et al.): The role of enabling actors in ecosystem service accounting
- JRC (et al.): How ecosystem services are changing: an accounting application at the EU level
- JRC (et al.): Accounting for changes in flood control delivered by ecosystems at the EU level
Background reading and further links
Annual air emissions accounts
- Air emissions accounts questionnaire 2024
- Validation rules for air emissions accounts 2023
- Short AEA guidelines on residence adjustments for water and air transport (visual schemes) 2021
- Technical Note EEEA/2017/01: Allocating emissions of fluorinated gases to NACE industries in air emissions accounts
- Technical note (2016/01): Assigning air emissions and energy use to NACE L68 'Real estate activities'
- Manual for air emissions accounts, 2015 edition
- Annex I (Correspondence between CRF/NFR - NACE Rev. 2) to Manual for Air Emissions Accounts (2015 edition)
- Correspondence between SNAP97 - CRF/NFR - NACE rev.2), 2012 edition
Quarterly air emissions accounts
Input-output modelling and tools - air emissions
- Consumption-based accounting tool, March 2022
- Creating consolidated and aggregated EU27 Supply, Use and Input-Output Tables, adding environmental extensions (air emissions), and conducting Leontief-type modelling to approximate carbon and other ‘footprints’ of EU27 consumption for 2000 to 2006
- Decomposition analysis of carbon dioxide-emission changes in Germany - Conceptual framework and empirical results, 2003
- Methodological note on FIGARO - CO2 estimates, March 2024
- PEFA Builder tools_2023_v5.7.1
- Video tutorial explaining the use of the PEFA builder (V 5.6), part 1
- Video tutorial explaining the use of the PEFA builder (V 5.6), part 2
- Installation instructions for the video tutorial (V 5.6)
- Physical energy flow accounts (PEFA) questionnaire 2023
- Summary PEFA quality reports 2022
- Validation rules for physical energy flow accounts (PEFA)
- Short PEFA guidelines on residence adjustments for water and air transport (visual schemes) 2021
- PEFA guidelines for data collection 2018
- PEFA guidelines for data collection 2017
- Technical note (2016/01): Assigning air emissions and energy use to NACE L68 ‘Real estate activities’
- Physical Energy Flow Accounts (PEFA) Manual 2014
- Defining PEFA bridging items vis-a-vis to energy statistics (Technical note 2019)
- Recording of 'intra-establishment energy flows' in physical energy flow accounts (Technical note 2019)
Environmental taxes
- Environmental taxes by economic activities questionnaire ETEA 24
- Explanatory Notes and Reporting Instructions for ETEA 24
- Environmental taxes - A statistical guide, 2024 Edition
Environmental subsidies and other transfers
- Environmental subsidies and similar transfers questionnaire 2023
- Environmental subsidies and similar transfers - Guidelines, 2015 edition
Potential environmentally damaging subsidies
- EGSS data collection questionnaire, 2023
- Handbook on Environmental goods and service sector, 2016
- Practical guide on Environmental goods and services sector accounts, 2016
- EGSS list of environmental products based on CPA and CN, 2015 (V. June 2016)
- EGSS quality reports by national data compilers
Further EGSS account compilation guidance (technical notes) can be found on this page under the heading ‘Monetary environmental accounts’.
- The REACH baseline study – A tool to monitor the new EU policy on chemicals - REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and restriction of Chemicals) (June 2009)
- The REACH baseline study – 5 years update – Comprehensive study report (Sept. 2012)
- The REACH baseline study – 5 years update – Summary (Sept. 2012)
- Chemicals - monitoring REACH with indicators (2012)
- Compilation of chemical indicators – Development, revision and additional analyses (2016)
Air emissions
- Consumption-based accounting tool, March 2022
- Creating consolidated and aggregated EU27 Supply, Use and Input- Output Tables, adding environmental extensions (air emissions), and conducting Leontief- type modelling to approximate carbon and other ‘footprints’ of EU27 consumption for 2000 to 2006
- Decomposition analysis of carbon dioxide-emission changes in Germany - Conceptual framework and empirical results, 2003
- Methodological note on FIGARO - CO2 estimates, March 2024
Raw material equivalents
- Country RME tool, February 2024
- Handbook country RME tool, February 2024
- Input data country RME tool, February 2024
- Documentation of the EU RME model, February 2024
- Eurostat EEEA technical note (2018) - Secondary materials in European MFA-RME
- Disaggregating input-output tables for the calculation of raw material footprints
Environmental protection expenditure accounts (EPEA)
- Environmental protection expenditure accounts questionnaire 2023
- Environmental protection expenditure accounts - Handbook, 2017 edition
- EPEA intermediate consumption - Webinar Sept 2023
- 2023 EPEA data collection - National Expenditure on Environmental Protection: estimates by CEPA, methodological note, draft September 2023
Resource management expenditure accounts (ReMEA)
- EW-MFA validation rules 2024
- Economy-wide material flow accounts (EW-MFA), Handbook 2018 edition
- How to compile DPO and Balancing items, 13 September 2016 draft
- Economy-wide material flow accounts and derived indicators - A methodological guide, 2001 edition
- Technical note EEEA/2017/02: Further clarifying the conceptual treatment of physical imports and exports in economy-wide material flow accounts (EW-MFA)
- Economy-wide material flow accounts (EW-MFA) 2024 questionnaire
- Economy-wide material flow accounts (EW-MFA) - annexes of the 2024 questionnaire
Input-output modelling and tools - raw material equivalents
- Country RME tool, February 2024
- Handbook country RME tool, February 2024
- Input data country RME tool, February 2024
- Documentation of the EU RME model, February 2024
- Eurostat EEEA technical note (2018) - Secondary materials in European MFA-RME
- Disaggregating input-output tables for the calculation of raw material footprints